CURRENT
POSITION:
professor of
plant ecology,
Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, Tartu
University,
40 Lai St, Tartu 51005, Estonia
Head of the Centre
of Excellence FIBIR (Frontiers in Biodiversity Research)
EDUCATION:
Tartu
University: Graduated
in biology (ecology) in 1980. Awarded Ph.D. in 1984: thesis on "Ecology
and dynamics of coastal alvar communities in Estonia"
ACADEMIC
ACTIVITIES:
-
Member of the committee of research
policy at the Estonian Ministry of Science and Education
-
Member of the council of the Faculty
of Natural Sciences, University
of Tartu
-
Member of the council of the Institute
of Ecology and Earth
Sciences, University
of Tartu
-
Vice-president of the International
Association for Vegetation Science
- Editor of the Journal of Vegetation
Science
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SUPERVISED
POSTGRADUATE THESIS:
MSc:
M.
Pärtel - 1993,
R. Kalamees - 1995, K.-A. Saar - 1996 (co-supervisor with M.
Pärtel),
M. Otsus - 1999, M. Suurkask - 1999, I. Pilt - 2000, H. Laarmann -
2001,
E. L. Tuvi - 2002, L. Petryna (University of Rio Cuarto, Argentina) -
2002,
K. Rünk - 2003.
PhD:
M.
Pärtel, 1997. Species diversity and community dynamics in
calcareous grassland communities in western Estonia.
M. Moora, 1998. The influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis
on the competition and coexistence of calcareous grassland plant
species.
R. Kalamees, 1999. Seed bank, seed rain and community regeneration in
Estonian calcareous grasslands.
J. J. Cantero (University of Rio Cuarto, Argentina), 1999. Plant
community diversity and habitat relationships in central Argentina
grasslands.
H. Jutila (University of Turku, Finland, co-supervisor with H.
Toivonen), 1999. Vegetation and seed bank of grazed and ungrazed baltic
coastal madows in SW Finland
M.Öpik (co-supervision with M.Moora), 2004. Diversity of
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the roots of perennial plants and their
effect on plant performance.
M. Otsus, 2004. Plant community regeneration and species diversity in
dry calcareous grasslands.
R. Aguraiuja, 2005. Hawaiian endemic fern lineage Diellia (Aspleniaceae):
distribution, population structure and ecology.
K. Rünk (co-supervision with K.Zobel), 2007.Comparative ecology of
three fern species: Dryopteris
carthusiana, D.expansa
and D.dilatata.
Current
supervision
of PhD students:
Ü.
Saks, A Uibopuu.
PROJECTS:
- EU
6th framework integrated project ‘Ecochange. Challenges in
assessing and forecasting biodiversity and ecosystem changes in
Europe’, 2007-2011
- EU7th framework integrated project ’Scales. Securing the
conservation of biodiversity across administrative and spatial,
temporal and ecological scales’, 2009-2014
- Targeted financing 2008-2013 by the
Ministry of Education and Science: Vegetation patterns, coexistence and
mechanisms behind them
- Estonian Science Foundation grant 2008-2011: Arbuscula
mycorrhizal fungal communities in forest ecosystems – their composition
and function
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CURRENT
SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS:
1. Analysis
of vegetation
structure and the processes behind the pattern in grassland and forest
communities. Which processes are responsible for diversity maintenance?
Is regeneration limited by the lack of seeds, the lack of safe
microsites
or the lack of the appropriate fungal symbiont? What is the share of
biotic
and abiotic factors in generating the between- and within-stand
variation
in community structure and composition?
2.
Restoration of biodiversity
in seminatural grassland ecosystems. Is it possible to restore the
original
species composition in overgrown or cultivated seminatural grasslands?
Is the additional input of diaspores needed? What is the optimal
management
regime?
3. Diversity
of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in global and regional scales and
forces behind the variation of diversity.
4. Is mycorhhiza balancing
competition and increasing plant species evenness and diversity? Is the
patchiness of AM fungal communities determining the structure of plant
populations and communities?
5. Theory of
species coexistence
and analysis of ecological mechanisms maintaining species diversity.
Concepts
of the so-called species pool theory. Interrelation between biological
diversity, primary productivity and ecosystem services.
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SELECTED
PAPERS:
Papers
in refereed
journals
Zobel, M.,
Moora, M. & Herben, T. 2010 Clonal mobility and its implications
for spatio-temporal patterns of plant communities: what do we need to
know next? Oikos, 119(5), 802 - 806.
Walther, G.R., Roques, A., Hulme, P.E.,
Sykes, M.T., Pysek, P., Kühn, I., Zobel, M., Bacher, S., Botta-Dukat,
Z., Bugmann, H., Czucz, B., Dauber, J., Hickler, T., Jarosik, V.,; Kenis,
M., Klotz, S., Minchin, D., Moora, M., Nentwig, W., Ott, J., Panov,
V.E., Reineking, B., Robinet, C., Semenchenko, V., Solarz, W., Thuiller,
W.,; Vila, M., Vohland, K.& Settele, J. 2010. Alien species in a
warmer world: risks and opportunities. Trends in Ecology &
Evolution, 24(12), 686 - 693.
Vellak, A.,
Tuvi, E. L., Reier, U., Kalamees, R., Roosaluste, E., Zobel, M. & Partel, M. 2009.
Past and present effectiveness of protected areas for conservation of
naturally and anthropogenically rare plant species. Conservation
Biology 23: 750-757.
Öpik, M., Metsis,
M., Daniell, T. J., Zobel, M.
& Moora, M. 2009. Large-scale parallel 454 sequencing reveals host
ecological group specificity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a
boreonemoral forest. New Phytol 184: 424-437.
Moora, M., Öpik,
M., Zobel, K. & Zobel, M.
2009. Understory plant diversity is related to higher variability of
vegetative mobility of coexisting species. Oecologia 159: 355-361.
Luck, G. W.,
Harrington, R., Harrison, P. A., Kremen, C., Berry, P. M., Bugter, R.,
Dawson, T. P., De Bello, F., Diaz, S., Feld, C. K., Haslett, J. R.,
Hering, D., Kontogianni, A., Lavorel, S., Rounsevell, M., Samways, M.
J., Sandin, L., Settele, J., Sykes, M. T., van den Hove, S.,
Vandewalle, M. & Zobel, M.
2009. Quantifying the contribution of organisms to the provision of
ecosystem services. BioScience 59: 223-235.
Zobel, M. & Partel, M. 2008.
What determines the relationship between plant diversity and habitat
productivity? Global Ecology and Biogeography 17: 679-684.
Öpik, M., Moora,
M., Zobel, M., Saks, U.,
Wheatley, R., Wright, F. & Daniell, T. 2008. High diversity of
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a boreal herb-rich coniferous forest.
New Phytol 179: 867-876.
Liira, J., Schmidt, T.,
Aavik, T., Arens, P., Augenstein, I., Bailey, D., Billeter, R.,
Bukacek, R., Burel, F., De Blust, G., de Cock, R., Dirksen, J.,
Edwards, P. J., Hamersky, R., Herzog, F., Klotz, S., Kuhn, I., Le
Coeur, D., Miklova, P., Roubalova, M., Schweiger, O., Smulders, M. J.
M., van Wingerden, W. K. R. E., Bugter, R. & Zobel, M. 2008. Plant functional
group composition and large-scale species richness in European
agricultural landscapes. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 3-14.
Dormann, C. F.,
Schweiger, O., Arens, P., Augenstein, I., Aviron, S., Bailey, D.,
Baudry, J., Billeter, R., Bugter, R., Bukacek, R., Burel, F., Cerny,
M., de Cock, R., De Blust, G., DeFilippi, R., Diekotter, T., Dirksen,
J., Durka, W., Edwards, P. J., Frenzel, M., Hamersky, R., Hendrickx,
F., Herzog, F., Klotz, S., Koolstra, B., Lausch, A., Le Coeur, D.,
Liira, J., Maelfait, J. P., Opdam, P., Roubalova, M.,
Schermann-Legionnet, A., Schermann, N., Schmidt, T., Smulders, M. J.
M., Speelmans, M., Simova, P., Verboom, J., Van Wingerden, W. & Zobel, M. 2008. Prediction
uncertainty of environmental change effects on temperate European
biodiversity. Ecology Letters 11: 235-244.
Billeter, R., Liira,
J., Bailey, D., Bugter, R., Arens, P., Augenstein, I., Aviron, S.,
Baudry, J., Bukacek, R., Burel, F., Cerny, M., De Blust, G., de Cock,
R., Diekoetter, T., Dietz, H., Dirksen, J., Dormann, C., Durka, W.,
Frenzel, M., Hamersky, R., Hendrickx, F., Herzog, F., Klotz, S.,
Koolstra, B., Lausch, A., Le Coeur, D., Maelfait, J. P., Opdam, P.,
Roubalova, M., Schermann, A., Schermann, N., Schmidt, T., Schweiger,
O., Smulders, M. J. M., Speelmans, M., Simova, P., Verboom, J., van
Wingerden, W. K. R. E., Zobel, M.
& Edwards, P. J. 2008. Indicators for biodiversity in agricultural
landscapes: a pan-European study. Journal of Applied Ecology 45:
141-150.
Aguraiuja, R., Zobel, M., Zobel, K. & Moora, M.
2008. Conservation of the endemic fern lineage Diellia (Aspleniaceae)
on the Hawaiian Islands: can population structure indicate regional
dynamics and endangering factors? Folia Gebotanica et
Phytotaxonomica 43: 3-18.
Aavik, T., Jogar, U.,
Liira, J., Tulva, I. & Zobel, M.
2008b. Plant diversity in a calcareous wooded meadow - The significance
of management continuity. Journal of Vegetation Science 19: 475-484.
Aavik, T., Augenstein,
I., Bailey, D., Herzog, F., Zobel, M. & Liira, J. 2008a. What is
the role of local landscape structure in the vegetation composition of
field boundaries? Applied Vegetation Science 11: 375-386.
Zobel, M., Kalamees, R., Püssa,
K., Roosaluste, E. & Moora, M. 2007. Soil seed bank and vegetation
in mixed coniferous forest stands with different disturbance regimes.
Forest Ecology and Management 250: 71-76.
Teder, T., Moora, M.,
Roosaluste, E., Zobel, K., Pärtel, M., Kõljalg, U. & Zobel, M. 2007. Monitoring of
biological diversity: a common-ground approach. Conservation Biology
21: 313-317.
Pärtel, M. & Zobel, M. 2007. Dispersal limitation
may result in the unimodal productivity-diversity relationship: a new
explanation for a general pattern. Journal of Ecology 95: 90-94.
Pärtel, M.,
Laanisto, L. & Zobel, M.
2007. Contrasting plant productivity-diversity relationships in
temperate and tropical regions: the role of evolutionary history.
Ecology 88: 1091-1097.
Partel, M., Helm, A.,
Reitalu, T., Liira, J. & Zobel, M.
2007. Grassland diversity related to the Late Iron Age human population
density. Journal of Ecology 95: 574-582.
Moora, M., Daniell, T.
J., Kalle, H., Liira, J., Püssa, K., Roosaluste, E., Öpik,
M., Wheatley, R. & Zobel, M.
2007. Spatial pattern and species richness of boreonemoral forest
understorey and its determinants – a comparison of differently managed
forests. Forest Ecology and Management 250: 64-70.
Dormann, C. F.,
Schweiger, O., Augenstein, I., Bailey, D., Billeter, R., De Blust, G.,
DeFilippi, R., Frenzel, M., Hendrickx, F., Herzog, F., Klotz, S.,
Liira, J., Maelfait, J. P., Schmidt, T., Speelmans, M., van Wingerden,
W. K. R. E. & Zobel, M.
2007. Effects of landscape structure and land-use intensity on
similarity of plant and animal communities. Global Ecology and
Biogeography 16: 774-787.
Öpik, M., Moora,
M., Liira, J. & Zobel, M.
2006. Composition of root-colonising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal
communities in different ecosystems around the globe. Journal of
Ecology 94: 778-790.
Hobbs, R. J., Arico,
S., Aronson, J., Baron, J. S., Bridgewater, P., Cramer, V. A., Epstein,
P. R., Ewel, J. J., Klink, C. A., Lugo, A. E., Norton, D. A., Ojima,
D., Richardson, D. M., Sanderson, E. W., Valladares, F., Vila, M.,
Zamora, R. & Zobel, M.
2006. Novel ecosystems: theoretical and management aspects of the new
ecological world order. Global Ecology and Biogeography 15: 1-7.
Zobel, M., Öpik, M., Moora, M.,
Pärtel, M. 2006. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: It is
time for dispersal experiments. - Journal of Vegetation Science 17:
543-547.
Dengler, J., Rusina,
S., Boch, S., Bruun, H. H., Diekmann, M., Dierssen, K., Dolnik, C.,
Dupre, C., Golub, V. B., Grytnes, J. A., Helm, A., Ingerpuu, N.,
Löbel, S., Pärtel, M., Rasomavicius, V., Tyler, G.,
Znamenskiy, S. R. & Zobel, M.
2006. Working group on dry grasslands in the Nordic and Baltic region -
outline of the project and first results for the class
Festuco-Brometea. Annales Botanici 6: 73-100.
Diaz, S., Tilman, D.,
Fragione, J., Stuart Chapin III, F., Dirzo, R., Kitzberger, T.,
Gemmill, B., Zobel, M., Vila,
M., Mitchell, C., Wilby, A., Daily, G. C., Galetti, M., Laurance, W.
F., Pretty, J., Naylor, R., Power, A., Harvell, D., Potts, S., Kremen,
C., Griswold, T., Eardley, C., Ceallos, G., Lavorel, S., Orians, G.,
Pacala, S. & Supriatna, J. 2005. Biodiversity regulation of
ecosystem services. Millenium ecosystem assessment. Ecosystems and
human well-being, pp. 297-329. World Resources Institute, Washington.
Reier, Ü., Tuvi,
E.-L., Pärtel, M., Kalamees, R. & Zobel, M. 2005. Threatened
herbaceous species dependent on moderate forest disturbances: a
neglected target for ecosystem-based silviculture. - Scandinavian
Journal of Forest Research 20:145-152.
Zobel, M., Otsus, M., Rünk, K.,
& Liira, J. 2005. Can long-dstance dispersal shape the local and
regional species pool. - Folia Geobotanica 40: 35-44.
Zobel, M. & Kalamees, R. 2005.
Diversity and dispersal – can the link be approached experimentally? -
Folia Geobotanica 40: 3-12.
Pärtel, M.,
Kalamees, R., Reier, Ü., Tuvi, E.-L., Roosaluste, E., Vellak, A.
and Zobel, M. 2005. Grouping
and prioritization of vascular plant species for conservation:
combining natural rarity and management need. - Biological Conservation
123: 271-278.
Aguraiuja, R., Moora,
M., and Zobel, M. 2004. Population stage structure of Hawaiian endemic
fern taxa of genus Diellia (Aspleniaceae): implications for monitoring
and regional dynamics. - Canadian Journal of Botany 82: 1438-1445.
Rünk, K., Moora,
M. and Zobel, M. 2004. Do
different competitive abilities of three fern species explain their
different regional abundances? - Journal of Vegetation Science 15:
351-356.
Otsus, M. and Zobel, M. 2004. Moisture conditions
and the presence of bryophytes determine fescue species abundance in a
dry calcareous grassland. - Oecologia 138: 293-299.
Moora, M., Öpik,
M., and Zobel, M. 2004.
Performance of two Centaurea species in response to different
root-associated microbial communities and to alterations in nutrient
availability. - Annales Botanici Fennici 41, 263-271.
Moora, M., Öpik,
M., Sen, R., and Zobel, M.
2004. Native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities differentially
influence the seedling performance of rare and common Pulsatilla
species. - Functional Ecology 18, 554-562.
Öpik, M., Moora,
M., Liira, J., Kõljalg, U., Zobel,
M., and Sen, R. 2003. Divergent arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal
communities colonize roots of Pulsatilla spp. in boreal Scots pine
forest and grassland soils. - New Phytologist 160, 581-593.
Moora, M.,
Sõber, V. and Zobel, M.
2003. Responses of rare (Viola elatior) and a common (Viola mirabilis)
congeneric species to different management conditions in grassland - is
different light competition ability responsible for different
abundances? - Acta Oecologica 24: 169-174.
Cantero, J. J., Liira,
J., Cisneros, J. M., Gonzalez, J., Nunez, C., Petryna, L., Cholaky, C.
and Zobel, M. 2003. Species
richness, alien species and plant traits in Central Argentine mountain
grasslands. - Journal of Vegetation Science 14: 129-136.
Zobel, M. and Zobel, K. 2002.
Studying plant competition: from root biomass to general aims. -
Journal of Ecology 90: 578-580.
Petryna, L., Moora, M.,
Nunes, C. O., Cantero, J. J. and Zobel,
M. 2002. Are invaders disturbance-limited? Conservation of
mountain grasslands in Central Argentina. - Applied Vegetation Science
5: 195-202.
Otsus, M. and Zobel, M. 2002. Small-scale turnover
in a calcareous grassland, its pattern and components. - Journal of
Vegetation Science 13: 199-206.
Kalamees, R. and Zobel, M. 2002. The role of the seed
bank in gap regeneration in a calcareous grassland community. - Ecology
83: 1017-1025.
Cantero, J. J., Cabido,
M., Nunez, C., Petryna, L., Zak, M. R. and Zobel, M. 2001. Clasificacion de los
pastizales de suelos sobre rocas metamorficas de las Sierras de
Cordoba. - Kurtziana 29: 27-77.
Pärtel, M., Moora,
M. and Zobel, M. 2001. Variation in species richness within and between
calcareous (alvar) grassland stands: the role of core and satellite
species. - Plant Ecology 157: 205-213.
Pärtel, M., Zobel, M., Liira, J. and Zobel, K.
2000. Species richness limitations in productive and oligotrophic plant
communities. - Oikos 90: 191-193.
Onipchenko, V. G. and Zobel, M. 2000. Mycorrhiza,
vegetative mobility and the responses to disturbance of alpine plants
in the Northwestern Caucasus. - Folia Geobotanica 35: 1-11.
Zobel, M., Otsus, M., Liira, J.,
Moora, M. and Möls, T. 2000. Is small-scale species richness
limited by seed availability or microsite availability? - Ecology 81:
3274-3282.
Pärtel, M.,
Kalamees, R., Zobel, M. and
Rosen, E. 1999. Alvar grasslands in Estonia: variation in species
composition and community structure. - Journal of Vegetion Science 10:
561-570.
Zobel, M., Pilt, I., Moora, M.,
Pärtel, M. and Liira, J. 1999. Small-scale dynamics of plant
communities in an experimentally polluted and fungicide-treated
subarctic birch-pine forest. - Acta Oecoligica 20: 29-37.
Pärtel, M.,
Mändla, R. and Zobel, M.
1999. Landscape history of a calcareous (alvar) grassland in Hanila,
western Estonia, during the last three hundred years. - Landscape
Ecology 14: 187-196.
Pärtel, M. and Zobel, M. 1999. Small-scale plant
species richness in calcareous grasslands determined by the species
pool, community age and shoot density. - Ecography 22: 153-159.
Cantero, J. J.,
Pärtel, M. and Zobel, M.
1999. Is species richness dependent on the neighbouring stands? An
analysis of the community patterns in mountain grasslands of central
Argentina. - Oikos 87: 346-354.
Pärtel, M.,
Kalamees, R., Zobel, M. and
Rosen, E. 1998. Restoration of species-rich limestone grassland
communities from overgrown land: the importance of propagule
availability. - Ecolical Engineering 10: 275-286.
Moora, M. and Zobel, M. 1998. Can arbuscular
mycorrhiza change the effect of root competition between two
conspecific plants of different ages? - Canadian Journal of Botany 76:
613-619.
Kalamees, R. and Zobel, M. 1998. Soil seed bank
composition in different successional stages of a species rich wooded
meadow in Laelatu, western Estonia. - Acta Oecologica 19: 175-180.
Zobel, K., Moora, M.,
Niemelä, P., Brown, V.K. and Zobel,
M. 1997. Secondary succession and summer herbivory in a
subarctic grassland: community structure and diversity. - Ecography 20:
595-604.
Zobel, M. 1997. The relative role of
species pools in determining plant species richness - an alternative
explanation for species coexistence? - Trends in Ecology &
Evolution 12: 266-269.
Zobel, M., Moora, M. and Haukioja,
E. 1997. Plant coexistence in the interactive environment: arbuscular
mycorrhiza should not be out of mind. - Oikos 78: 202-208.
Zobel, M., Suurkask, M., Rosen, E.
and Pärtel, M. 1996. The dynamics of species richness in an
experimentally restored calcareous grassland. - Journal of Vegetion
Science 7: 203-210.
Pärtel, M., Zobel, M., Zobel, K. and Van der
Maarel, E. 1996. The species pool and its relation to species richness
- evidence from Estonian plant communities. - Oikos 75: 111-117.
Moora, M. and Zobel, M. 1996. Effect of arbuscular
mycorrhiza on inter- and intraspecific competition of two grassland
species. - Oecologia 108: 79-84.
Bakker, J. P., Olff,
H., Willems, J. H. and Zobel, M.
1996. Why do we need permanent plots in the study of long-term
vegetation dynamics. - Journal of Vegetion Science 7: 147-156.
Zobel, M. and Moora, M. 1995.
Interspecific competition and arbuscular mycorrhiza: importance for the
coexistence of two calcareous grassland species. - Folia
Geobot.Phytotax. 30: 223-230.
Pärtel, M. and Zobel, M. 1995. Small-scale dynamics
and species richness in successional alvar plant communities. -
Ecography 18: 83-90.
Zobel, K., Zobel, M. and Rosen, E. 1994. An
experimental test of diversity maintenance mechanisms, by a species
removal experiment in a species-rich wooded meadow. - Folia
Geobot.Phytotax. 29: 433-437.
Zobel, K., Zobel, M. and Peet, R. 1993. Change
in pattern diversity during secondary succession in Estonian forests. -
Journal of Vegetation Science 4: 489-498.
Zobel, M. and Kont, A. 1992.
Formation and succession of alvar communities in the Baltic land uplift
area. - Nordic Journal of Botany 12: 249-256.
Zobel, M. 1992. Plant species
coexistence - the role of historical, evolutionary and ecological
factors. - Oikos 65: 314-320.
Kull, K. and Zobel, M. 1991. High species
richness in an Estonian wooded meadow. - Journal of Vegetation Science
2: 711-714.
Zobel, M. and Masing, V. 1988. Bogs
changing in time and space. - Arch.Hydrobiol. 27: 41-45.
Zobel, M. 1988. Autogenic succession
in boreal mires - a review. - Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 23: 417-445.
Zobel, K. and Zobel, M. 1988. A new null
hypothesis for measuring the degree of plant community organization. -
Vegetatio 75: 17-25.
Books
Moora, M. & Zobel, M. 2010. Arbuscular
Mycorrhizae and Plant-Plant Interactions. Impact of Invisible World on
Visible Patterns. Pugnaire F. I. (Ed.). Positive interactions and
plant community dynamics (79 - 98). Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC PRESS
Fitter,
A. H., Bulte, E., Elmqvist, T., Rinaldo, A., Setälä, H.,
Stoll-Kleemann, S., Zobel, M.
& Murlis, J. 2009. Ecosystem services and biodiversity in Europe.
EASAC policy report 09. The Royal Society, London.
Bakker, J. P., Willems, J. H. and Zobel,
M. (eds.). 1996. Long Term Vegetation Dynamics. - Opulus Press,
Uppsala.
Zobel, M., Palmer,
M. W., Kull, K. and Herben, T. (eds.). 1994. Vegetation Structure and
Species Coexistence. - Opulus Press, Uppsala.
Zobel, M. (ed.).
1988. Dynamics and Ecology of Wetlands and Lakes in Estonia. - Academy
of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Tallinn.
Other
parer and Chapters
in books
Liira, J.,
Aavik, T.,
Parrest, O. & Zobel, M.
2008. Agricultural sector, rural
environment and biodiversity in the central and eastern European EU
member states. AGD Landscape & Environment 2: 46-64.
Pärtel, M., Helm, A., Roosaluste, E. & Zobel, M. 2007. Bioloogiline
mitmekesisus Eesti pool-looduslikes ökosüsteemides. In:
Punning, J. M.
(ed.)Keskkonnauuringute nüüdisprobleeme, pp. 223-302.
TLÜ Ökoloogia
Instituut, Tallinn. (in Est)
Dengler, J., Rusina, S., Boch, S., Bruun, H. H., Diekmann, M.,
Dierssen, K., Dolnik, C., Dupre, C., Golub, V. B., Grytnes, J. A.,
Helm, A., Ingerpuu, N., Löbel, S., Pärtel, M., Rasomavicius,
V., Tyler,
G., Znamenskiy, S. R. & Zobel, M.
2006. Working group on dry
grasslands in the Nordic and Baltic region - outline of the project and
first results for the class Festuco-Brometea. Annales Botanici 6:
73-100.
Renker, C., Zobel, M.,
Öpik, M., Allen, M. F., Allen, E. B., Vosatka,
M., Rydlova, J. & Buscot, F. 2004. Structure, dynamics and
restoration of plant communities: does arbuscular mycorrhiza matter?
In: Temperton, V., Hobbs, R., Nuttle, T. & Halle, S.
(eds.) Assembly Rules and Restoration Ecology - Bridging the Gap
Between Theory and Practice, pp. 189-229. Island Press, Washington.
Aaviksoo, K., Ilomets, M. and Zobel,
M. 1994. Dynamics of mire
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